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問題と解説

次の英文(下線部があるときは下線部のみ)を日本語で表しなさい。

□1

Most teenagers would agree that acne is a major tormentor during school years. It shows up at the worst possible times -- before a big date, the day it's your turn to give a speech in class, or when that new guy in class says "hello" for the first time.
――解答・解説

□2

Albert Einstein was by nature a rebel who enjoyed being unconventional. Whenever possible he dressed for comfort, not for looks. Externals meant little to him. In everything he sought simplicity. Science was his passion, and next to science music.
――解答・解説

□3

"The reason for Miss Mikawa's refusal of Mr. Morishita's invitation for a date is not yet known," continued the announcer.
――解答・解説

□4

To avoid the various foolish opinions which we tend to hold, no superhuman genius is required. A few simple rules will keep you, not from all error, but from silly error.If the matter is one that can be settled by observation, make the observation yourself. Aristotle could have avoided the mistake of thinking that women have fewer teeth than men, by simply asking Mrs. Aristotle to keep her mouth open while he counted. He did not do so because he thought he knew. Thinking that you know when in fact you don't is a grave mistake, which we too often make.
Many matters, however, are less easily brought to the test of experience. If you have strong convictions on many such matters, there are ways in which you can make yourself aware that you might be mistaken. If an opinion contrary to your own makes you angry, that is a sign that you are in a way aware of having no good reason for thinking as you do. So whenever you find yourself getting angry about a difference of opinion, be on your guard; you will probably find, on examination, that your belief is going beyond what the evidence says is true. [法政大]
――解答・解説

□5

Some people are born with minimal talents and make absolutely the most of them. Others are born with large native endowments and just fritter them away. It is what you do with the gifts at your disposal that makes all the difference.
――解答・解説

□6

All societies that have ever existed have been based on the government of the many by the few, who have used their power to exploit the many in their own interest. The lives of most people have, as a result, been meagre, wretched and oppressed. What has induced the many to put up with this treatment? Force, no doubt, but not only force; for the moral sentiments have also been utilized, the rulers having throughout history made the laws, laid down the lines of education, and set the standards of public opinion, including those of right and wrong, to operate in their own interests. The consequence is that by merely obeying the laws and accepting the standards, the many tend to maintain the power of the few. Our ethical notions, then, are the prop of our ruler's power. This line of thought is first suggested by Plato in his Republic.
――解答・解説
[早稲田大]

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