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Guide dogs help blind people get around in the world. To do this, a guide dog must recognize and avoid obstacles, and be loyal to the handler*.
In addition, a guide dog must know to disobey* any command that would put the handler in danger. This ability, called selective disobedience, is perhaps the most amazing thing about guide dogs. This capacity is extremely important at intersections*. Dogs cannot distinguish the color of traffic lights, so the handler listens to the flow of traffic to figure out when the light has changed and then gives the command "forward." If there is no danger, the dog proceeds across the road in a straight line. But if there are cars approaching, the dog waits until the danger is gone and then follows the forward command.
Working as a guide dog requires peak physical and mental shape, so guide dogs typically retire just before they enter old age. When a guide dog retires, the handler will get a new dog, but he or she may also have the option to keep the retired dog as a pet. If the handler can't keep two dogs, the guide dog will be adopted by someone for retirement. Former guide dogs are extremely intelligent and friendly --- who wouldn't want one? Giving a retired guide dog a loving home is an excellent way to help reward these amazing animals for a lifetime of hard, important work.
[注] handler:飼い主 disobey:従わない intersection:交差点
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１ selective disobedience とは盲導犬のどのようなことを意味するのか？
(1)何があっても、交差点を渡りきること。
(2)交差点に近づいたとき、何があっても止まること。
(3)飼い主の安全のため、ときには命令に従わないこと。
(4)ときとして、ストレスから飼い主に反抗すること。
２ この文章の内容と一致しているものはどれか？
m(1)信号の色を識別できない盲導犬は、車の音で安全を確認する。
(2)心身ともに鍛錬された盲導犬は長生きする。
(3)役目を終えた盲導犬をペットとしてほしがる人は少ない。
(4)盲導犬の老後には安住の場所を与えたいものだ。
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