The employment system considered as the norm in Japan from World War II up ntil recently was based on three essential institutions: lifetime employment, the seniority system, and enterprise unionism. ..... The unemployment rate, which had been below 2 percent in the 1960s and 1970s, rose rapidly after 1993, reaching 5.5 percent in November 2001. The difficult employment environment is expected to continue.
――埼玉大学 前期日程 教育学部(2月25日実施)――2003年